- Cancer
- Collaboration / partnerships / patient or public engagement
- Community care / social care
- Diagnostics
- Digital, AI, data and technology
- Elective care
- Governance and regulation / accountability and oversight
- Health inequalities
- Innovation, life sciences and research
- Integration – system / place / neighbourhood
- Maternity, neonatal and women’s health
- Mental health
- Mobilising change / improvement
- Net zero and sustainability
- People with a learning disability and autistic people
- Primary care, including pharmacy, optometry, and dentistry
- Quality and patient safety
- Urgent and emergency care
- Use of resources / infrastructure / capital
- Workforce, people and leadership
09:30
-
This session aims to join together women of colour and their allies in a relaxed, safe space to connect, share and start to discover what they can take charge of for themselves to support their own le …Panellist
-
Community Voices was launched during the pandemic to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Norfolk and Waveney’s most deprived areas. The initiative is a collaboration between system partners and en …Facilitator
-
The way we access healthcare is rapidly evolving. Join our expert panel as we explore how the future of smartphones [NHS App] and AI will revolutionise patient care. Learn how these developments will …
Supported by:
-
Experience South Warwickshire University NHS Foundation Trust’s improvement forum, a simple way of sharing improvements across organisational boundaries. This session will cover the core themes of hos …Chair
-
The Innovation for Healthcare Inequalities Programme (InHIP) is a partnership initiated in 2022 between NHS England and the Health Innovation Network, which sought to improve access to NICE-recommende …
Supported by:
-
This session will focus on using innovation to redesign patient pathways for efficiency and better outcomes. We will use real-world examples from three organisations (Mid and South Essex NHS Foundatio …Panellist
-
The government and ICS leaders agree that a shift to prevention is essential in helping people live longer, healthier lives and in ensuring the performance and sustainability of the healthcare system. …
-
Following the guide Accelerating Transformation: How to Develop Effective NHS-Industry Partnerships by APBI and the NHS Confederation, Health Innovation Network South London’s work in dementia is show …Panellist
-
After Action Review (AAR) features in the new Patient Safety Incident Response Framework (PSIRF) as one of the key learning tools. This interactive session will give participants an opportunity to con …Chair
-
What can healthcare professionals do to lower their patients’ blood pressure, quieten anxiety, improve mental and metabolic health, deepen sleep, enhance cellular and DNA repair and even improve eyesi …
10:00
-
Discover how the NHS is revolutionising healthcare through data-driven solutions by joining this dynamic panel discussion that will explore the groundbreaking NHS Federated Data Platform’s Solution Ex …
Sponsored by:
-
The government’s 10 Year Health Plan sets out a long-term vision for the future of health and care. Developed through wide-ranging engagement with staff, patients and the public, it proposes major cha …Panellist
-
The NHS Confederation and Beamtree have launched the Evolve Collaborative, a nationwide collaboration of healthcare leaders dedicated to improving patient outcomes and taking control of their organisa …
Supported by:
-
Bump, Birth and Beyond (BBB) is an early intervention service that supports vulnerable families living in the most deprived areas of South Yorkshire. The service aims to improve health outcomes and re …
-
This session will build on existing work about the future of commissioning within the government's drive to move care closer to home. The discussion will include considerations about how outcomes, rat …
12:00
-
Ill health drives hundreds and thousands of people out of the workforce each year. Governments cannot spur growth without putting health at the heart of its plans, nor can the NHS address health inequ …
-
The session will cover the evolution of co-located Safe Havens, from our origins in York in 2017 with one of the first Crisis Cafes in the country. We will cover the relationship with our commissioner …
-
This session is aimed at clinicians and managers to support the development of environmentally sustainable patient pathways. It will include examples of work being undertaken nationally to reduce the …Panellist
-
Join Ruth Rankine in conversation with Dr Amanda Doyle and Dr Claire Fuller as they provide an update on the future direction and reform of general practice, including some of the changes that have ta …
-
With rising patient demand and growing pressures on staffing retention, the NHS must embrace new and innovative ways to support its workforce. Join NHS Professionals, the NHS's largest provider of fle …
Supported by:
-
The NHS Race and Health Observatory was established by the NHS in 2021 to examine ethnic inequalities in health across the country, and to support national bodies in implementing meaningful change for …
-
With record waiting lists, staff shortages and outdated facilities, health organisations face the challenge of balancing essential reactive work with ambitions for long-term transformation of our heal …
Supported by:
-
Whether you are a member of the LGBTQIA+ community or an ally, all are welcome to join this interactive session on how the NHS can be more inclusive for NHS patients and staff. Delegates can choose to …Facilitator
-
This panel session will explore the transformative potential of technology and data in enhancing integrated neighbourhood working, with a focus on bringing care closer to home. Experts from across the …
12:15
-
In 2024, NHS North West London Integrated Care Board celebrated a major milestone in our system-wide goal to optimise patient discharge from hospitals. For the first time, colleagues working across Hi …
-
This session will explore the Generation Study, a world-leading study in NHS hospitals that aims to screen up to 100,000 newborns in England. The study, led by Genomics England in partnership with NHS …
-
Chaired by Dr Sue Mann, national clinical director in women’s health and consultant and women’s health lead at City and Hackney, our panel explores why we can’t be ‘demure’ about menopausal health in …Panellist
-
This session examines the dual role of innovation in healthcare: as both a disruptor and a driver of improvement. Drawing on insights from the NHS InSites programme, the session will feature case stud …
12:30
-
In this session an expert panel will discuss how, together, we can achieve rapid and scalable improvements across the health system; highlighting the importance of cross-sector collaboration and the r …
Supported by:
-
The BLN lunch is a popular annual fixture at NHS ConfedExpo, giving network members and supporters a space to celebrate collective progress and personal achievements, and to hear from thought leaders …Chair
-
This session will delve into the transformative role of Copilots and agents in healthcare. Our expert speakers will share real-world examples and case studies, demonstrating the significant impact of …
Supported by:
-
This session will focus on what really matters to staff and how trusts can truly empower the workforce with benefits for capacity and performance, whether through compassionate leadership, culture cha …
Supported by:
13:15
-
Local governance in England is going through a radical change, which presents new challenges and opportunities for the NHS. Devolution has significant implications. The social determinants of health a …
13:30
-
Local voluntary, community and social enterprise (VCSE) organisations will be crucial for a ‘neighbourhood health system’ which focusses on prevention and shifts care from hospitals to communities. To …
-
Long-term conditions (LTCs) currently have a vast impact on patients, the health system and the economy, accounting for £7 in every £10 healthcare expenditure, 50 per cent of all GP appointments and 7 …
Supported by:
-
In Humber and North Yorkshire, the number of years a person lives in good health is less than the national average, with life expectancy in Hull among the lowest ten for local authorities in England. …
-
How can AI reshape service delivery, redesign care pathways, and improve outcomes at scale - while balancing short-term optimisation with long-term transformation? This session explores a problem-firs …
-
This session brings together leaders from across the healthcare landscape to explore how digital innovation will revolutionise community wellbeing over the next decade. Hear directly from NHS leaders …
-
This session is aimed at supporting leaders to strategically convene across boundaries and partnerships in their improvement and transformation work, to take practical action. Experienced and pioneeri …Panellist
-
Learn how Flatiron Health is working in partnership with the NHS to transform routinely collected hospital data into high-quality datasets, enabling pioneering cancer research and improving patient ou …
Supported by:
-
With inspiration from two years of the national housing community of practice, this session is open to all who are interested in housing for autistic people and people with a learning disability. Hous …
-
This session is an opportunity for health and care leaders to talk to ICB non-executive directors and chairs who took part in the Health Inequalities Leadership Development Programme, which was delive …
-
The NHS must deliver a shift from analogue to digital and embrace wider technological change to transform patient services. This session will explore how the NHS can harness the agility and creativity …
13:45
-
This session will explore Barnardo’s Family Support Worker (FSW) model, commissioned by NHS England to address the rising number of children under 12 presenting at emergency departments (EDs) due to s …Panellist
-
Children and young people’s health, especially mental health, significantly declined during the pandemic and waiting times for NHS children’s services, including mental health services, have reached a …
-
CVDACTION has been built to transform cardiovascular disease prevention. The mission to reduce deaths from heart attack and stroke by 25 per cent in ten years will not be delivered without a step chan …
-
This session will outline the areas of focus for NHS England and GIRFT’s Further Faster 20 (FF20) programme which, in line with the government’s Get Britain Working initiative, is supporting 20 NHS tr …
14:30
-
The mental health sector has a long history of moving care from hospitals to community environments. Building and integrating community and neighbourhood models of mental health services has been esse …Chair
14:45
-
The session will highlight where primary care can support existing services in elimination of HIV transmission and management of HIV as a long-term condition. Building on case studies from Fast-Track …Panellist
-
Although rare diseases are individually rare they are collectively common, affecting around one-in-17 people in the UK.1 Health inequalities are systemic, avoidable and unfair. Acting now to tackle he …
Supported by:
-
This session will explore a data-driven Clinically Led workforcE and Activity Redesign (CLEAR) project at Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust that has transformed its CAMHS service - part of the CLEA …Panellist
-
Breast pain is not a symptom of breast cancer, yet nationally 20 per cent of two-week wait (2WW) breast referrals are breast pain alone. The East Midlands Breast Pain Pathway improves patient experien …
-
We know that listening to and connecting with the people and communities you serve will lead to better, personalised, more effective high-quality services, including improved access and reduced inequa …
-
The NHS Genomic Medicine Service was launched in 2018 and now delivers over 800,000 genomic tests per annum for patients in the NHS in England. Genomics has a key role to play in supporting the govern …
-
Rural and coastal communities face unique challenges that impact on health and care delivery. These include an ageing population, difficulties with access to services, and workforce shortages in care …
-
The NHS Federated Data Platform isn't just another digital initiative, it's revolutionising how the NHS delivers care. Already powering breakthrough improvements across England, this game-changing pla …
Sponsored by:
15:00
-
Dementia UK is the only dementia nursing charity in the UK. Our Admiral Nurses (dementia specialist nurses) work across all health and social care sectors. We have developed a new model called ‘transi …
-
Despite an abundance of new technologies, successfully implementing and scaling digital innovation across the NHS is a major challenge. In 2022/3, NICE assessed 190 products with sufficient evidence t …
-
High Intensity Use (HIU) services currently address the needs of individuals aged 18+ who attend the emergency department (ED) more than expected. HIU services support people with barriers to accessin …Panellist
-
Join this interactive session on how the practicalities of proactive leadership and partnership can drive the NHS’s shift from sickness to prevention. Hear successful, replicable examples and how lear …
Sponsored by:
-
The new Midland Metropolitan University Hospital successfully opened in October 2024 and is one of the largest hospitals to open in England in the last decade, serving Birmingham, England’s second lar …
15:30
-
What does it mean as a ward team to acknowledge the fundamental healthcare inequities faced by your patients? What does it mean as an individual to recognise your own assumptions about race and privil …Panellist
-
Locum doctors represent the largest area of agency spend within the NHS, posing a significant financial and operational challenge. How can we work together to develop sustainable, cost-effective solut …
Supported by:
-
Join Sally Warren from the Department of Health and Social Care and the ten-year health plan team for an interactive networking session, bringing together system leaders with the policy experts involv …
16:00
-
This session will explore integration across mental health and drug and alcohol services. It will look at the challenges facing mental health trusts and third sector drug and alcohol providers, includ …
-
Highlighting the work of NHS South Yorkshire, this session will share insights on developing a health inequalities focused approach using behavioural science techniques. It will showcase how NHS South …Panellist
-
Physical activity – or movement – is an underused tool in healthcare, yet it has a major role to play in the prevention, management and treatment of long-term conditions. Hosted by the Richmond Group …
-
Getting more people home after a hospital stay and keeping them there is a national challenge. We know that evidence shows that it is better for people, where clinically appropriate, to spend as short …
-
This session will address how improving data capture in mental health settings can help inform preventative work. Through clearer data and predictive technology, we can intervene early and support peo …
-
The session will highlight why innovation culture is critical for healthcare transformation, and will equip delegates with real-world examples and resources to adopt within their own organisation. It …Panellist
-
Everyone wants to feel safe at work. The NHS Long Term Plan, NHS People Plan and NHS People Promise demonstrate a commitment to support the health and wellbeing of NHS colleagues, recognising the nega …
-
The first shift of the NHS ten-year health plan is from hospital to community. Ensuring patients have access to new medicines has a key role to play in achieving this. How can the NHS and industry wor …
Supported by:
16:15
-
In this session, colleagues from the Institute for Healthcare Improvement and NHS Race and Health Observatory (RHO) will share learning from a pilot Learning and Action Network (LAN). The RHO LAN pilo …
-
This session will focus on the work of the Children and Young People’s Health Equity Collaborative, a unique partnership between Barnardo's, the Institute of Health Equity and three integrated care sy …
-
With the neighbourhood health guidelines and forthcoming ten-year health plan setting a framework, this session will aim to draw on learnings from existing work at a system/ local level on how provide …
-
Our purpose is to help people reach their potential and live well in their communities. We do this through our values and actions, directed by the ambitions and objectives we set through our trust str …
-
This session will explore how East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust has pioneered the use of AI to improve productivity and the quality of care during pre-operative assessment consultations. As part of …Panellist
08:00
-
Climate change affects health outcomes in many ways and exacerbates existing health inequalities. The NHS Net Zero commitments are clear, and substantial work is taking place across the country to red …
08:30
-
This talk explores the opportunity for radically improved data sharing within the NHS. It examines the challenges and barriers to secure, seamless data exchange between NHS organisations and colleague …
Sponsored by:
-
Integrated neighbourhood teams are set to take centre stage as more care moves out of hospital. In this session, you will hear: • practical insight on how to introduce integrated neighbourhood teams t …
Supported by:
-
Evidence shows kinder healthcare is safer healthcare, yet there is an epidemic of unkindness in the NHS that harms NHS people, patients and finances: 300,000 staff are bullied each year, 80 per cent s …
Supported by:
-
This session will explore the strategic planning necessary to integrate Da Vinci Robotic-Assisted Surgery (RAS) into healthcare systems with a focus on enhancing equity, productivity and patient outco …
Sponsored by:
09:30
-
We will be presenting the work done in West Berkshire where 10,000 health checks have been taken up by our most vulnerable patients. How to start working collaboratively with local authorities, IT dep …
-
The session will focus on how systems and providers can develop a virtual hospital hub model to maximise referrals from across hospital specialties to virtual wards/hospital-at-home services. Drawing …Panellist
-
This presentation will summarise the maternity and neonatal pre-term optimisation the programme, which provided external coaching for four maternity and neonatal teams in the south of England based on …
-
Join us for an insightful panel discussion as we delve into the critical areas affecting the NHS today and explore how artificial intelligence (AI) can provide transformative solutions. We will discus …
Supported by:
-
This session explores the government’s health and care strategy, at almost a year in-term, through the lens of digital disruption. How can we deliver valuable, sustainable and productive services more …
Supported by:
-
This session will provide an introduction to the types of support available for healthcare innovation. These innovation programmes exists for two reasons: • We want to make the NHS a great place to in …
-
This session will explore how the NHS can tackle inequity across healthcare and empower communities to live well, from the role of digital to rethinking the social contract, plus the huge benefits to …
Supported by:
09:45
-
Across the globe, longstanding healthcare challenges are being solved by innovative solutions that employ new ways of thinking, new technologies and new partnerships. This interactive session will shi …
Sponsored by:
-
Although rare diseases are individually rare, they are collectively common, affecting around one-in-17 people in the UK.¹ Health inequalities are systemic, avoidable and unfair. Acting now to tackle h …
Supported by:
-
When data is linked and presented visually it tells a story, turning it into insights that can be actioned. Healthcare teams from frontline care roles to strategic commissioners are focused on improvi …
10:00
-
The Casey Commission marks a watershed moment for adult social care. The ten-year health plan will also bring significant reforms to the healthcare system. At this critical juncture, strengthening par …
-
Systems have told us that developing least restrictive, high-quality community support is critical both for developing care and support markets, and for developing community sufficiency to deliver the …Panellist
-
In 2023, the NHS Race and Health Observatory published a report exploring the unique mental health needs of Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities in the UK, and identified several promising community- …
-
This session will demonstrate the productivity and efficiency gains realised through clinicians working closer together across primary and secondary care. Using the example of a health inequalities im …Panellist
-
Learning and collaborating with peers is critical to achieving improvements. This session will equip leaders with an understanding of the different modes of peer collaboration that can be used to suit …Chair
-
This network session is for neighbourhood health leads sitting within systems, places and neighbourhoods. Given the shift to neighbourhood health there is now an increasing number of 'neighbourhood he …
12:00
-
Recognising that women’s health needs cannot simply be extrapolated from those of men is essential if we are to address the structural disadvantages faced by women, particularly those vulnerable to me …Panellist
-
Accountable officers for place, and strategic partners taking leadership roles in place partnerships, are welcome in this dedicated space to meet with colleagues leading place-based partnerships from …
-
In the real world, what practical steps can we take to shift healthcare delivery from a reactive, sickness-based model to one rooted in prevention, early intervention and proactive care? This session …
Sponsored by:
-
Join the NHS Race and Health Observatory for an energising networking lunch, to connect with fellow minoritised ethnic professionals across health, research and VCSE sectors working to tackle ethnic h …
-
Responsibility for commissioning some specialised services was devolved to ICBs in the North West, East of England and the Midlands in April 2024 and to remaining regions in April 2025. Delegating the …Panellist
-
We can only achieve performance goals if staff are actively involved and feel they have agency to act. Yet with morale eroded in recent years we’re often a long way from this. Learn strategies to enga …
Supported by:
-
The new mental health bill is expected to gain Royal Assent this summer with implementation over the next ten years. For the reforms to be successful, it will need a whole-system approach including ex …
-
The NHS is full of people who are highly motivated by helping people and who share the overarching goal to prevent ill health. However, there are many examples of NHS plans and initiatives that did no …
12:15
-
Join Health Innovation Kent Surrey Sussex and our expert panel to explore how co-creating digital tools enhances workflows and improves care. We will focus on real problems and real solutions, explori …Panellist
-
Developing the ten-year health plan has involved one of the ‘biggest national conversations about the future of the NHS since its birth’. During this session, senior leaders involved in the developmen …
-
This session will interrogate how effective partnerships with voluntary, community and social enterprise (VCSE) organisations will facilitate the out-of-hospital shift. We will hear about how mental h …
-
Learning from the experience of the Brazilian health service and their 30-year-old Family Health Strategy with their 270,000-strong army of community health agents, this session will demonstrate how w …Panellist
12:30
-
Based on the findings of a brand-new report, this session will share insights gained into the potential value of health innovation to deliver an ‘NHS fit for the future’ and ‘kick start the economy’ t …
Supported by:
-
This panel discussion will examine the critical role of artificial intelligence in enabling the delivery of the NHS ten-year plan. We will explore how AI can drive efficiencies, enhance patient care a …
Supported by:
-
A key shift in the ten-year plan is moving from treatment to prevention. How can industry help the NHS achieve a truly preventative approach, going beyond vaccination and making best use of the medici …
Supported by:
13:20
-
Core20Plus5 focuses on the most deprived 20 per cent of people in the country. Reflecting the ten-year health plan workstream, ‘I am treated in a fair and inclusive way, irrespective of who I am’, spe …
13:30
-
The sheer size of the NHS, opportunities to access diverse health data and a high-performing life sciences sector, means that the UK is uniquely positioned to drive advances in healthcare through rese …
-
The women’s health strategy for England sets out to improve how the health and care system listens to women. Although women in the UK live longer on average than men, the evidence shows they spend a g …
-
At a critical juncture on the future of integrated care systems with the new ten-year plan, changes coming to integrated care boards (ICBs) and local government reorganisation, the NHS Confederation's …
-
This session will highlight the work of Cheshire and Merseyside Cancer Alliance (CMCA) in partnership with ICB urgent and emergency care (UEC) to transform urgent cancer care (UCC) in the region. It w …
-
The session is to inform, educate and encourage collaboration among healthcare providers and community stakeholders. It focuses on oral healthcare within head and neck cancer pathways, particularly in …
-
Join this interactive session to get involved in the future development of atrial fibrillation virtual wards. Learn how Glenfield Hospital established a virtual ward, the development of the network to …Facilitator
-
At the heart of this session is a lived experience. Maria’s cancer journey from diagnosis through to palliative and end of life care is a stark example of how, when a compassionate culture is not valu …Facilitator
-
We Deserve Better, a 2023 report from the NHS Race and Health Observatory, found black, Asian and minoritised ethnic people with a learning disability on average die earlier than their white counterpa …Panellist
-
The panel session will compare the outline and uptake of urgent community response (UCR) across the country, with voices from ambulance trusts and the wider system explaining how UCR has been develope …
-
How can and should a neighbourhood health service improve patients' outcomes and experience of healthcare? As increasing numbers of people live for longer in ill health, and often living with multiple …
-
The ten-year health plan has profound implications for how we work within and between organisations and with communities. Success will depend on fresh and effective approaches to change in every organ …
-
The NHS National Improvement Board has produced a report highlighting the crucial role of improvement in driving change and supporting the ten-year health plan. This discussion will focus on the ten k …Panellist
-
The Sunderland Medicines Discharge Service is provided via a hub of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians funded by the Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme. It processes discharge documentation withi …Panellist
13:45
-
This session will showcase what is meant by the digital transformation of healthcare and how to support the workforce for this change. We will explore training on new digital tools and technologies, s …ChairPanellist
-
Integrated care boards (ICBs) have statutory responsibilities to facilitate, promote and support research and the use of research evidence for the benefit of their local populations. Increasingly, imp …
14:00
-
Discover how the award-winning Rotherham Care Homes Hydration Project improved hydration in care homes, leading to impressive reductions in all measured health problems. The session will cover how the …Chair
-
This joint session with Health Innovation Kent Surrey Sussex (Health Innovation KSS), YMCA DownsLink and NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Kent Surrey and Sussex will focus on best practice for co-d …
14:30
-
The government is pushing forward with sweeping reforms to public services. The scale and pace of these changes indicates the urgency felt by the government to deliver its Plan for Change, join up ser …
14:45
-
Find out how Buckinghamshire’s levelling-up programme, Opportunity Bucks, has been the catalyst for further integration across our place. This has led to closer partnership working with a commitment t …
-
We will bring together cross-sector experts to identify key actions and present strategic approaches to support integrated care systems (ICSs) and other key stakeholders to tackle health inequalities …
-
Addressing long surgical waits for severe endometriosis in the north of England has evolved into a broader initiative involving primary care, public health, and patient advocacy with Endometriosis UK. …Panellist
-
Cancer incidence is predicted to rise, and over the span of the ten-year health plan nearly four million people are expected to be diagnosed with cancer. Every year, 33,000 cancer cases are directly a …Panellist
15:00
-
The NHS delivers amazing care to patients every single day. But there are times when care is not what it should be and services must continue to change and improve. Excellent management and leadership …Panellist
-
51 per cent of the population are women, and while on average women live longer they spend a significantly greater proportion of their lives in ill health when compared with men. The Women’s Health St …Panellist
-
By next winter, the NHS is expected to have made considerable inroads into bringing down the elective waiting list and getting back to the 18-week elective target, but a challenging winter for urgent …
-
With the need to ‘hardwire’ financial flows, ensuring they become instinctive so that care moves closer to home, reforming how money moves round the system is essential. The session will cover the nee …
-
As pressures and demands continue to increase for both mental health and acute A&E care, there is a need for teams to work closer together, both on shared issues as well as to improve the overall inte …Panellist
-
Partners in City and Hackney have made neighbourhoods the default way of working for engaging with communities and delivering out-of-hospital services. Join this session to learn: • how the approach h …
-
People with long-term conditions (LTCs) account for around half of all GP appointments, two-thirds of outpatient appointments and 70 per cent of hospital bed days. Those at greatest risk include peopl …Panellist
-
Integrated care partnerships (ICPs) bring together system partners with remits across healthcare and the wider determinants of health, uniquely positioning them to drive joint action on the health cha …Chair
15:15
-
As Lord Darzi’s report plainly stated: ‘There is no trade-off between climate responsibilities and reducing waiting lists. Indeed, often health and climate are mutually reinforcing goals.’ This sessio …
-
This session will explore AI for urgent emergency care, a pioneering NHS England collaboration between UCLPartners, NHS North East London Integrated Care System, and Health Navigator that leverages AI …
-
Neighbourhoods are critical to local people and the equity of access and outcomes they should expect. This session is led by leaders from acute, primary care, faith sector and our neighbourhoods and d …
-
Greater Manchester’s Secure Data Environment (GM SDE) is designed to unlock the potential of health data to support advanced research and development in health and care while ensuring the highest stan …Chair